Strategic Leadership Essay example -- Business Management Studies

Strategic LeadershipThe only thing harder than being a strategical attracter is trying todefine the entire scope of strategic leadership a broad, difficultconcept. We cannot always define it or describe it in every detail, b bely we recognize it in action. This type of leadership involvesmicroscopic perceptions and macroscopic expectations. Volumes havebeen written on the subject, which may in fact contribute to thedifficulty of take hold the concept. One finds confusing and sometimesconflicting information on this blended concept that involves thevagaries of strategy and the behavioral art of leadership. Sometimesthe methods and models used to explain it are more complicated thanthe concept and practice of strategic leadership itself. Exercisingthis kind of leadership is complicated, but understanding it doesnthave to be. Beginning with a definition and characterization ofstrategic leadership and then exploring components of the strategicenvironment may prove helpful. Future lea ders must also recognize thecharacter of that environment. Finally, they should also have somefamiliarity with ways of developing competencies for dealing with thebroad, new challenges that are part of leading in the strategicenvironment.What Is Strategic Leadership.The common employment of the term strategic is related to the concept ofstrategysimply a plan of action for accomplishing a goal. One findsboth broad and narrow senses of the adjectival strategic. Narrowly, theterm denotes operating directly against military or industrialinstallations of an enemy during the conduct of war with the intent ofdestroying his military potential. Today, strategic is used more a great dealin its broader sense. Thus, we use it to relate somethings primaryimportance or its quintessential aspect for instance, the mostadvantageous, complex, difficult, or potentially damaging challenge toa nation, organization, culture, people, place, or object. When werecognize and use strategic in this broad se nse, we append suchmeanings as the most important long-range planning, the most complexand ambiguous decisions, and the most advantageous effects from abombing campaign as well as leaders with the highest conceptualability to make decisions.As mentioned earlier, strategy is a plan whose aim is to link ends,ways, and means. The difficult part involves t... ...e, again, to expand their perspective and increase theirconceptual ability. In fact, many of them are experts in a number ofunrelated fields. Becoming a dual expert helps one think in multipledimensions.After committing to some or all of these ontogeny activities,potential leaders should reflect on each activity as a way of miningthe total benefit and seeking greater meaning. They exit also benefitfrom mentoring other leaders and being mentored themselves. Whenmentors share their experiences, they help others know and understandthem.ConclusionThe many components of the strategic-leadership environment challengeeven the take up leaders. The monumental consequences of strategicdecisions call for individuals with unique performance abilities whocan navigate the volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguityinherent in the nature of those decisions. Aspiring leaders can pilferto the challenge by undergoing self-assessment and personaldevelopment. Accepting the demands of strategic leadership involves atransition from the art of the familiar to the art of the possible.This is the realm of strategic leadership and the strategicenvironment.

Lego Testing - Just Another Education Fantasy :: Teaching Education Essays

Lego Testing - Just Another Education Fantasy After years of hearing how standardized testing cheats minorities and the disadvantaged out of the high education, educationists have come up with a new bag of tricks - Lego building. Johnny cant read and Mary cant compute? not a problem. If they can build a robot out of Legos in 10 minutes, theyre college material under a pilot program organism tested by Colorado College and eight other schools Beloit, Carleton, Grinnell and Macalester colleges and the University of Michigan, University of Delaware, Rutgers and Penn State. The gist is this Some children who do poorly on standardized tests have other qualities that counselors believe would restore them good candidates for success in college. The Lego test and other exercises public speaking, conflict resolution and personal interviews are designed to measure those qualities. The Lego exercise works standardized this A group of eight to 10 students is given a box of the colored blocks and shown an assembled Lego robot in another room. Each student views the robot individually. consequently the group is given 10 minutes to try to reproduce the robot. Evaluators count students performances, awarding a score between one and four. The robot isnt the supplant point, apparently. The process is supposed to reveal which of the students emerges as a leader, one of the markers for projected college success. Other markers are perseverance, drive, motivation, adaptability and the ability to work well within a group. excessively many another(prenominal) exceedingly bright students have emerged from dismal backgrounds to succeed in college to support the thesis that standardized tests are unfair to the socially disadvantaged. Likewise, too many exceedingly advantaged children perform poorly on standardized tests to convince me that financial security predicts academic success. You either can read or you cant you either can do math or you cant. Thats about as simple as it gets. What more likely is true is that nonage children who also come from economically depressed neighborhoods tend to receive inferior educations owing to a plethora of problems, not the least of which is the high turnover rate among teachers exhausted by an incompetent education system.

Genetic Engineering: Monsatos Roundup Ready Soybeans :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Roundup Ready Soybean (RRS) is an intelligent solution in favor of the environment, claims Monsanto, the agricultural chemic company that fools genetically engineered RRS (Greenpeace). Likewise, U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) claims it Roundup Ready Soybean does not require premarket approval and the special labeling of it is inappropriate (Whitmore). Nowadays we can find schooling about genetically modified food anywhere. However, many people have been poorly informed about genetic engineering. This is because developers of genetically engineering and the U.S. government practice pressure on public information. In otherwise words, they only give good information to the public and hide unpleasant facts. It seems that genetically engineered foods have zip fastener different from natural ones, and are not harmful. However, genetically engineering is dangerous. Because more than half the farmers leave alone no semipermanent be able to make their lifetime secondly, the very merits of genetically engineering are dangerous lastly, there are no laws which protect our right.   First, I am opposed to genetically engineered food because half the worlds farmers can no longer make their living. This is because they will not be able to afford to buy seeds (Edwards 22). Up to the present, farmers could gather seeds up from the crop and set them next year. However, many genetically engineered seeds are made to grow only one growing season. Melvin Oliver, who works in the USDAs (US Department of Agriculture) laboratory in Lubbock, Texas, and invented genetically engineered seeds, claims that genetically engineered seed is a way of self-policing the unauthorized use of American technology (Edwards 22). Monsanto also insists that because Roundup Ready Soybeans are patented, their responsible use is different from that of other general soybeans (Monsanto). But these claims only show one-way thinking which mainly aims at the profit of companies. If farme rs have to buy the seeds every year, poorer farmers will no longer be able to buy them. What is worse, this might be dangerous with regards to the environment. If most of the farmers buy these seeds, natural seeds will disappear. What if companies go bankrupt and can not make the seeds that cannot be replanted next year? Farmers will not be able to make crop and we will surely have nothing to eat. Developers cannot assure that this will never happen.   Moreover, the price of genetically engineered seeds will become higher. At first, these seeds will be cheaper than general ones to encourage poorer farmers to buy them.

A Re-Hearing of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight :: Essays Papers

A Re-Hearing of Sir Gawain and the Green ennoble As J.A. Burrow has of late re masterminded us, Middle English literature requires the silent reader to resist, if he can, the tyranny of the eye and to hear. Certain of the belles-lettres ... make a further requirement. They treat the reader, non just as a hearer, but as an audience or group of hearers (Medieval Writers 1). Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is such a poem, a literate subject designed for oral performance, bearing the imprint of a poet skilled at once in manipulating a text and using it to affect his audience in ways outside the scope of the oral poet. It is with this dynamic between text and audience in mind that I approach the bidding of re-hearing Sir Gawain. In doing so I hope to achieve some clarification of what Tolkien refer rosy-cheeked to as one of the structural misfortunes of the poem the failure of Mary, Gawains protectress, to receive any further acknowledgement after Gawain twice asks her help, du ring his journey and in the final temptation scene. Studies of structural repetition (Howard 1964, 430-33 Burrow 1966, 87-97) and numerological patterning (Hieatt 1968, 129-31 Eckhardt 1980, 141-55) read the Gawain-poets ability to exploit the spatial and temporal assure afforded by the technology of writing (Ong 1971, 23-27). As Kent Hieatt has shown, he consciously uses numerological patterns. Line 2,525, the last tenacious line of the poem, echoes the opening line and reinforces the emphasis given over to five and twenty-five in the description of the pentangle. In a similar manner, notes Hieatt, in the companion poem Pearl, the line that echoes the first line of the poem is 1,212, and 12 is probably the significant mathematical structure in the poem (Eckhart, 1980, 65-78). While such numerological structuring would of programme go unnoticed by an audience during performance, its creation gives us a picture of a poet able to apply a fairly sophisticated process of organ ization to the physical text. In this paper I will examine another method of textual structuring, one which deals primarily with color patterns rather than numerical sequences, though predictably the two appear to be interrelated. The poem deals almost exclusively and abundantly in reds and greens. Red, the color of Gawains symbol of perfection, the red-gold pentangle on a red field, appearsA Re-Hearing of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essays PapersA Re-Hearing of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight As J.A. Burrow has recently reminded us, Middle English literature requires the silent reader to resist, if he can, the tyranny of the eye and to hear. Certain of the writings ... make a further requirement. They treat the reader, not just as a hearer, but as an audience or group of hearers (Medieval Writers 1). Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is such a poem, a literate composition designed for oral performance, bearing the imprint of a poet skilled at once in manipulating a text and using it to affect his audience in ways outside the scope of the oral poet. It is with this dynamic between text and audience in mind that I approach the process of re-hearing Sir Gawain. In doing so I hope to achieve some clarification of what Tolkien referred to as one of the structural failures of the poem the failure of Mary, Gawains protectress, to receive any further acknowledgement after Gawain twice asks her help, during his journey and in the final temptation scene. Studies of structural repetition (Howard 1964, 430-33 Burrow 1966, 87-97) and numerological patterning (Hieatt 1968, 129-31 Eckhardt 1980, 141-55) demonstrate the Gawain-poets ability to exploit the spatial and temporal control afforded by the technology of writing (Ong 1971, 23-27). As Kent Hieatt has shown, he consciously uses numerological patterns. Line 2,525, the last long line of the poem, echoes the opening line and reinforces the emphasis given to five and twenty-five in the description of the pe ntangle. In a similar manner, notes Hieatt, in the companion poem Pearl, the line that echoes the first line of the poem is 1,212, and 12 is probably the significant numerical structure in the poem (Eckhart, 1980, 65-78). While such numerological structuring would of course go unnoticed by an audience during performance, its existence gives us a picture of a poet able to apply a fairly sophisticated process of organization to the physical text. In this paper I will examine another method of textual structuring, one which deals primarily with color patterns rather than numerical sequences, though predictably the two appear to be interrelated. The poem deals almost exclusively and abundantly in reds and greens. Red, the color of Gawains symbol of perfection, the red-gold pentangle on a red field, appears

The American Dream in the Great Gatsby Essay -- F. Scott Fitzgerald

The American Dream can mean different things depending on who is asked. Some will answer it is the freedom of religion, class or race, others will claim it is or so the ability to choose where they want to work, what they want to wear, or whats for breakfast the next day. For Jay Gatsby and many others, the American Dream is about gaining wealth and material possessions in an attempt to find happiness. Through his novel, The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald draws how the American Dream is only the concept of perfection, something that can never be acquired, however always can be reached for. Daisy Buchanon was always mesmerized by wealth. Her dream is to have a luxurious lifestyle filled splendor. Before the events of the novel, she could not memorise Gatsby providing this lifestyle for her. Before Gatsby went to war, she promised him that she would wait for him to come back and they would get married. Instead, she met Tom and married him, not for his personality, she m arried him for his money. Her promise to Gatsby before he left was an countermand one she never intended to follow through with it. Gatsby wasnt upper class at the time they met, he was relatively poor and could not suffer her desire for wealth. Even Gatsby realized he was below her and he felt that, he was in Daisys house by a colossal solidus . . . he was at present a penniless young man without a past, and at any moment the invisible cloak of his uniform big businessman slip from his shoulders. (149). Gatsby showed no ability to be able to support her, so she lost interest while he was away and eventually forgot about him. She only started showing renewed interest when he began throwing extravagant parties every night. While over at Gatsbys, Daisy comments about... ... will store up in his ghostly center of attention (101). Gatsby expected perfection from Daisy, but was instead met with a shallow corrupt woman, who could never fulfill all of Gatsbys dreams. Daisy was never meant to be Gatsbys, she was only supposed to be the thing he tried to get, the false image of perfection. The real fulfillment of the American dream was Gatsbys path towards perfection, not his eventual disappointment to reach the end.Throughout his novel, F. Scott Fitzgerald shows many characters trying to find perfection. Daisy, Myrtle, and Gatsby all believed wealth would lead them to happiness, though, no matter how hard they tried, they could never quite get there. These characters show that the American Dream is about striving for perfection, but never reaching it. Works CitedFitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. New York Macmillan Publishing Company, 1992.

The American Dream in the Great Gatsby Essay -- F. Scott Fitzgerald

The Ameri apprise ambition can mean different matters depending on who is asked. Some will answer it is the freedom of religion, class or race, others will study it is about the ability to choose where they want to work, what they want to wear, or whats for breakfast the next day. For Jay Gatsby and many others, the American Dream is about gaining wealth and corporal possessions in an attempt to find happiness. Through his novel, The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald shows how the American Dream is only the concept of nonpareil, something that can never be acquired, but always can be reached for. Daisy Buchanon was always mesmerized by wealth. Her dream is to have a luxurious lifestyle filled splendor. onward the events of the novel, she could not see Gatsby providing this lifestyle for her. Before Gatsby went to war, she promised him that she would wait for him to come back and they would get married. Instead, she met Tom and married him, not for his personality, she m arried him for his money. Her promise to Gatsby before he left was an empty one she never intended to follow through with it. Gatsby wasnt upper class at the time they met, he was relatively poor and could not satisfy her desire for wealth. pull down Gatsby realized he was below her and he felt that, he was in Daisys house by a colossal accident . . . he was at present a penniless young man without a past, and at any moment the invisible cloak of his uniform might slip from his shoulders. (149). Gatsby showed no ability to be able to support her, so she lost interest while he was away and eventually forgot about him. She only started showing regenerate interest when he began throwing extravagant parties every night. While over at Gatsbys, Daisy comments about... ... will store up in his ghostly heart (101). Gatsby expected perfection from Daisy, but was instead met with a shallow corrupt woman, who could never fulfill all of Gatsbys dreams. Daisy was never meant to be Gatsbys, sh e was only supposed to be the thing he tried to get, the false image of perfection. The real fulfillment of the American dream was Gatsbys path towards perfection, not his eventual failure to reach the end.throughout his novel, F. Scott Fitzgerald shows many characters trying to find perfection. Daisy, Myrtle, and Gatsby all believed wealth would lead them to happiness, though, no matter how hard they tried, they could never quite get there. These characters show that the American Dream is about striving for perfection, but never reaching it. Works CitedFitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. New York Macmillan Publishing Company, 1992.

The Role of Fate in Oedipus the King – Essay Sample

Oedipus the top executive was written by Sophocles and was is titled Oedipus Rex in Latin. It is one of the most well-known Greek tragedies. As is the case with Greek tragediesor roughly most tragedies that make their way to stage bunch dawdles a key role in the events in Oedipus the King. The play is also the origin of the term Oedipus complex. Fate as Antagonist The primary antagonist in this tale is fate. Most tragedies where fate is the driving theme the characters in its web all attempt to escape it.Unfortunately fate cant be avoided and if it is tempted fate will usually render a far worse conclusion for attempting to deprive it of its will. Laius Fate Apollo tells Laius that he and Jocasta would have a son that would kill him. When Oedipus is born, Jocasta sends Oedipus to his own fate and leaves him on a mountainside to die. Jocasta attempts to cheat fate by doing away with her son to save her husband, but Oedipus is found by a shepherd who saw the whole thing and raised by King Polybus.Laius fate comes when he kidnaps the son of King Pelops and basically showed little respect for Pelops hospitality by doing so. The Fate of Thebes Oedipus sends Creon to the temple of Apollo to figure out what will conk of Thebes and how to do away with the plague. Fate is tempted here by the Oedipus attempting to end the plague when it is not his place to do so. Apollo tells Oedipus that he will end up cleanup spot his father and taking his mother. Oedipus believes he will end up killing King Polybus. Oedipus Fate TeiresiasApollos blind prophettells Creon of Oedipus fate.Oedipus is busy trying to fall upon the murderer of Laius. Teiresias cryptically tells Oedipus the nature of his marriage, but Oedipus doesnt interpret the meaning in Teiresias words. He tells Oedipus that the shame of his relationship will bring just about ruin and that the insults Oedipus gives to him will be returned as a result of his deed. Oedipus sets himself up for downfall further when he forsakes Teiresias word and says he has no special ability.As prophets are basically the mouth of the gods and do their directwill, Oedipus is in a way committing blasphemy. The provocation leads Teiresias toagain crypticallytell Oedipus that he is actually on level groundwork with his children and that the truth with crush him. When Oedipus relays the events to his wife, she tells him to ignore the prophecy and that Apollos prophecy didnt hold up as she believed that her husband was killed by a bandit. Strands of Fate fix Up Oedipus finds out that Polybus doesnt die at his hands, but of natural causes so it seems the prophecy didnt come true.However, Laius is killed by Oedipus when the two argued over who had the respectable of way on a road. Neither man recognized the other. Oedipus marries Jocasta, widow of Laius making his both wife and son to her and father and brother to his children. Oedipus finds out about the true nature from a shepherd, finds his wife Jocasta who ha d hung herself, took her jewelry and smashed them into his eyes. Oedipus ends up blind and destitute and his children cursed by being the product of incest.

Flight Patterns Essay

What is Sherman Alexies notion of the reality behind a story as this notion is presented in Flight Patterns I specify Sherman s notion of reality is that life is full of contradictions. The society sets up so many rules for people to follow, and people are often judged by their cultural group, gender, religionetc. Accordingly, they have to behave properly in order to meet the expectations. However, in reality not every person can stagger easily with the role he is supposed to be in. For example, William doesnt want to choose between American and Spokane. He loves them both. In religion, he is a generously religious man. In ethnic, he is a Spokane Indian while having in civic life like most American. In the text, it states that William wanted all of it .Hunger was his crime. I think Sherman Alexie points this out to tell us that in reality, a person might feel bemused to make a choice among all he wants. Fikadu faces the difficulties between killing his own people for Selassie and living with his family. William faces the difficulty between jobs and family. They both make up their mind and make the difficult choice condescension feeling uncomfortable. The reality is not perfect as we may consider it. People sometimes have to make sacrifices or compromises to accomplish a bigger task. I think William chooses to believe Fekadus story because no matter it is true or not, it tells the essence of reality in this society.

Essay About Me, Planning and Career Essay

Born and name Nur Shahiera Binti Nor Adnan , I am the moreover daughter of Nor Adnan bin Mohd Nor and Azar binti Kamaluddin. I was born on 2nd may 1995 in Pahang. I am the eldest sister and also the only girl among six siblings. I stayed with family in Kuantan, is the state capital of Pahang. My father a business man and my mother a clerk in the department of works at Kuantan. I am from a humble. I was receiving early schooling at Tabika Kemas Kampung Cherok Paloh when at the age of 3 years up to 5 years old. After that, my parents transferred at Pra Sekolah Kebangsaan Cherok Paloh which does away with my home. I started my primary education at Sekolah Kebangsaan Cherok Paloh, is the school is located far from the city from 7 years old until 12 years old. During the year 2007, I took the UPSR examination and I passed with flying colors to score 3A 2Bs. I furthered my lower secondary education at SMK Sungai Soi, Kuantan and in the year 2008.This school made me independent and adapt able when I was given the responsibilities to constrain school prefect. When I was form one, Ive been listed as one of the best student after I got 8As in first exam. The excellent results did not last to form 3 when my PMR results is so bad and Ive 1A 6B with 1C. When I was in Form 4 and I was so active in co-curricular activities. I have represented the school in netball competition up to the district town. Besides, I also represent the school in competitions Quran recitation rite and won third place. I was also able to beat the students of Al Ihsan School of Religion. Im so excited and happy with some successful. when I was being increased 5 I moved to SMK Ubai because the instruction out due to the results of the examination at the end of Form 4 so badly. I took my SPM examination in the year 2012 and as the result, I got 2A1B3C2E1G. I tried to mantain in some subjects but I failed.I failed checkers additional maths and simply pass in chemistry and physics. I highly regret th is decision and make my parents disappointed. I as eldest daughter should show commodity results for my brothers. After school I was asked to participate in the groups first Pusat Latihan Khidmat Negara at Kem Cahaya Gemilang Cherating, Kuantan. in PLKN I tolerate learn to be a responsible citizen of the country. There also I was able to learn and recognize yourself in more detail. Besides that I also get to do it the attitudes of students can excel in further education and to train yourself to be able to work in management. Ireceived offers from many colleges, but Im only interested in a field which is at Poly-Tech Mara College of accounts field but my parents do not agree in their field so I suggest that in the field of human resource management. I finally received and have been filling out forms. I love my subjects of geography Form 1 yet, so Im trying to find a field that is quite similar to the subjects.Im interested to know the human population and the environment. So I ch ose Human Resource instruction at Kolej Poly-Tech Mara in Kuantan. The Diploma in Human Capital Management focuses on core competencies, which integrates organization development and human resource content with an emphasis on strategic human capital and development. The programme offers combination of surmise and practice which enables students to evaluate the ideas and relate them to the activities that take place in organizations. The programme also will equip students with the necessary skills to enter the market in the expanse of commerce, banking and manufacturing. I hope I can be a minister of human resources later like Dato Dr. S. Subramaniam.I plan to develop a men that is productive, informative, disciplined, caring and responsive to changing labor environment towards enhancing economic growth and increasing employment opportunities. in addition to developing a skilled workforce, erudite and competitive in a harmonious industrial relations environment and social justic e. Based on my recommendation, I must study more diligently in this area so that I can achieve my ambitions as an officer of the ministry of human resources. Managing international relations in the field of labor administration, technological cooperation in matters of labor and human resource development is one of the tasks and responsibilities of the ministry of human resources. I hope none of this corruption in the management. I wish and enured a high hope that one day I will be able to be a minister of human resources.This is all astir(predicate) me, my education and career planning if I took human resource management as my primary choice to further my study. Despite of deep interest in this field, human resource management also serve a lot of golden opportunity in Malaysia, especially in the future. This job is not only about making money, but also mainly about how to improve my race level in this modernity lives. As this field is less monopolized by the Malay bumiputras, I t hink Ive had the responsibility to help my own people. I will surely do anything to achieve my goals. Moreover, dentistry will be oneof rewarding career and surely people will start to look for a chance to get to know more about it.

Organizational Counseling Essay

counsellor is the service offered to the individual who is infra going a line and of necessity professional fiscal aid to vote down it. The problem keeps him disturbed high strung and under tension and unless solve his trainment is hampered or stunted. Counseling therefore is a much specialized service requiring training in personality development and handling exceptional groups of individuals.Meaning of adviseComplex dish outes such(prenominal) as rede argon al shipway difficult to define. In dictionary terms the word Counseling has a variety of meanings. It often implies the giving of advice or the recommendation of a limited course of action, presupposing that the ane who is advising or recommending does so from a basis of superior agniseledge and greater wisdom. The term excessively carries certain connotations which atomic number 18 derived from the ratified implement of the word advocator. In recent years, however, the word counsel has acquired a specific m eaning as a technical term to outline a particular kind of therapeutic interaction between people.Many authors and institutions have be counsellor as followsThe steering committee of the Standing citizens committee for the Advancement of Counseling (UK) in 1969 offered the following definition. Counseling is a process with which one person attends an other by purposeful conversation in an understand atmosphere. It seeks to establish a gartering kindred in which the one counseled raft carry his/her thoughts and touch sensations in such a way as to get through his/her situation, come to terms with some new experience, see his/her difficulty more objectively, and to breast the problem with less anxiety and tension. Its sanctioned purpose is to tending individuals to perk up their finis from among the choices avail able-bodied to them. Three components which argon essential if the meeting of cardinal persons, one of whom has a problem, is to be termed exponent are t he process, the objectives, the proportionship.According to Brammer & Shostrom, Counseling is defined as a way of relatingand responding to another person so that he/she is seconded to explore his thoughts, feelings and behavior to reach a clear self-understanding. Also, the person is helped to find and use his/her strengths to be able to cope more effectively with making appropriate decisions, or taking appropriate action.According to Makinde (1983) Counseling is as an integrative process between a client, who is vulnerable and who postulate assistance, and a counsel who is trained and educated to give this assistance. The goal of the interaction is to help the client learn to fate more effectively with him/herself and the reality of his environment.According to Willey & Andrew, Counseling involves two individuals one seeking help and other a profession altogethery trained person helped solved problems to orient and manoeuver him to words a goals.Employee CounselingCounseling has been practiced in one form to other since the evolution of mankind. In every cranial orbit which requires dealing with people, counselling is essential. Counseling is dyadic relationship between two persons a jitney who is offering help ( advocate) and an employee whom such help is given over (counselee). It whitethorn be formal or folksy. Formal way is a be afterned and systematic way of offering help to quashs by expert proponents. Informal counsellor is c erstwhilerned with day to day relationship between the manager and his subordinates where help is readily offered without any formal plan.Every manager has a responsibility to counsel his subordinates. When individual managers are unable to deal with specific problems, the counseling serve of a professional system is unavoidable. An ar take offment can each offer the services of a full-time in-house counselor or refer the employee to a community counseling service. Counseling occasionally is obligatory for employees collectible to commercial enterprise and personal problems that topic them to excessive stress. Counseling is discussion of a problem that usually has emotional content with an employee in order to help the employee cope withit fracture. Counseling seeks to improve employees psychic health. People feel comfortable about themselves and about other people and able to meet the demands of deportment when they are good in mental health.The counseling need not be limited to work- tie in issues. Marital problems, problems with children, financial difficulties or general psychiatric problems may not be directly link to the job, however, we recognize that individuals cannot completely separate their life away from the job from their life on the job. Therefore personal problems do affect a workers job military operation. So counseling is also necessary for personal problems along with work- related issues. Performance counseling involves helping an employee understand his o wn doing, find where he stands in relation to others and identify ways to improve his skills and performance. It focuses, essentially, on the analysis of performance of the job and identification of training demand for further improvement. An increasingly popular form of counseling involves employees who are about ready to retire. Pre-retirement counseling prepares individuals to deal with the realities of leisure, as salubrious as outlining details about social certification benefits and company pension provisions.Employee Counseling at WorkplaceIt is required of every manager to help his subordinate in the free exploration of his strengths, abilities, competence, interests and other related positive features. It requires participation from both the parties in the performance review and goal-setting process. Thus, performance counseling has become an outstanding feature not only in performance review but also in the effectuation of the appraisal system in the organization. It is natural that subordinates need guidance, coaching or help of an experienced person. This role may be gyped by the immediate superior or the personnel manager. The managers or superiors who have to play the role of counselor can play it successfully if they develop the skill for counseling. much(prenominal) a skill would be useful in understanding subordinates, assisting them in their efforts to grow and develop, and in improving their social relations both at work and in the society at large. Counseling is a bipartite process in which a counselor provides help to the workers byway of advice and guidance. There are some(prenominal) occasions in work situations when a worker feels the need for guidance and counseling.The term counseling refers to the help given by a superior to his subordinate in improving the latters performance. It is in effect a process of helping subordinates to progress to better adjustment with his work environment, to behave as a psychologically mat ure individual, and help in achieving a better understanding of others so that his transaction with them can be effective and purposeful. Distinction between Organizational Counseling Interventions & Organizational Development Organizational Development (OD) and Organizational Counseling Interventions (OCI) are two natural extensions of systems thinking within the larger discipline of Psychology. saltationn the fact that OD and OCI technologies have a common origin within Psychology as a discipline, and the development of the systems perspective in particular, it is necessary to identify the core distinctions between these two approaches to serving the organization Both OCI and OD interventions are knowing to improve overall organizational health and effectiveness, which in turn improve the working conditions of individual employees. about of the typical areas of focus and expertise where OD and OCI differ are itemisationed below, and these may be used as decision-making crit eria.Organizational DevelopmentOrganizational CounselingLeadership developmentPersonality dysfunction (substance abuse, psychiatric symptoms, etc.) departmental (re)organizationStress/Change watchfulnessPoor MoraleGrief reaction to loss or deathGroup retreatsCritical Incident Stress ManagementSkills development and technology usageEmployee/patient safety issuesTeam buildingCommunication breakdown within teamsWorkplace climateEntrenched interpersonal counterpointPromoting improved/increased organizational performancePromoting organizational wellnessWho Can CounselPeople who are in a position to counsel in the work place could be co-workers who would function as peer counselors, supervisors and managers who would counsel their own staff and staff members similar the human resources manager and the training manager who could counsel any staff member be perform of the uniqueness of their positions. In addition, directors or senior managers are well placed to counsel members of the management staff. Counseling deals with personal, social, vocational, empowerment, and educational c at a timerns. guidances work only in areas in which they have expertise. These areas may include intra- and interpersonal concerns related to school or college adjustment, mental health, aging, marriage or family issues, employment, and rehabilitation.Counseling Quick ReferenceKeep this quick reference to use whenever counseling individuals, employees or team members. Counselors mustiness demonstrate these qualities to counsel effectively a) approve for subordinates.b) self-importance and cultural awareness.c) Credibility.d) Empathy.Counselors must possess these counseling skills1. Active sense of hearing.2. Responding.3. Questioning.Effective counselors avoid common counseling mistakes. Counselors should avoid 1. Personal bias.2. Rash judgments.3. Stereotyping.4. Losing emotional control.5. Inflexible counseling methods.6. Improper follow-up.When to CounselThere are many situat ions in the workplace when counseling might be called for Some of these problems arise outside the work place. They can be personal problems such as sexual behavior that might pose a high risk for HIV/AIDS, or dependency to drugs or alcohol. They may be related to family issues money problems, sickness and death in the family ca exploitation grief or trauma.They may also be issues related specifically to the work place, such as matters like career development, discipline, performance, relating to customers or clients, promotion, redeployment, transfers, redundancies, retirement, etc. There might be problems individuals have in relating to others in the work place, either as individuals or as part of a team. Other problems may lie in relating to customers, to bosses or to those in authority in general. Bosses might also have problems in relating to their juniors.Need of CounselingCounseling is an integral part of an over-all program of guidance. Counseling is a specific process of a ssistance extended by an expert in an individual situation to a needy person. This means the counseling situation arises when a needy person is face to face with and expert who makes available his assistance to the needy individual to fulfill his needs. There is an urgent need of introducing and strengthening the counseling service to meet the dissimilar needs of the individuals or employees.1. To help in the total development of the organization Along with the intellectual development proper motivation and clarification of goals and ideas to pupils in conformity with their staple fibre potentialities and social tendencies are important total development of the individual nauseates that individual differences among them are expected, accepted, understood and planned for and all types of experiences in an institution are to be so organized as to contribute to the total development of the organization.2. To develop readiness for choice and trades to face new challenges.3. To minimi ze the mismatching between achievement and mindset and help in theefficient use of manpower.4. To motivate the youth for self-employment.5. To help fresher establish proper identity6. To identify and motivate the counselee7. To help the counselee in their period of turmoil and confusion.8. To help in checking wastage and stagnation.9. To identity and help individuals in need of special help.10. To minimize the incidence of indiscipline.Barga beginner has mentioned the following situations where counseling in required 1. When a pupil requires not only reliable info but also an interesting introspection of those in formations which can solve his personal difficulties. 2. When a pupil needs intelligent listener who has more experience than the pupil to whom he can recite his difficulties and through which can seek suggestions for his working plan. 3. When the counselor has to assess those facilities which can help in resolving the pupil problems but the pupil doesnt enjoy such an acc ess to those facilities. 4. When the pupil has some problem but he is unaware of that problem and his development, he is to be made aware of that problem. 5. When the pupil is aware of the problem and difficulties created by the problem but he feels difficult to define it and to understand it that is, when the pupil is familiar with the presence of the problem and its nature but he is unable to face the problem due to this short-lived tension and upsetion. 6. When the pupil suffer the main maladjustment problem or some handicapped with is temporary and which needs careful long due diagnosis by an expert.Characteristics of Effective Counseling1. Purpose Clearly define the purpose of the counseling.2. Flexibility Fit the counseling style to the character of each subordinate and to the relationship desire.3. Respect View subordinates as unique, complex individuals, each with a distinct set of values, beliefs, and attitudes.4. Communication Establish open, two-way intercourse with s ubordinates using spoken language, nonverbal actions, gestures, and body language. Effective counselors listen more than they speak.5. Support Encourage subordinates through actions while guiding them through theirproblems.Problems in Employee CounselingA manager has to deal with various types of problems in dealing with his subordinates, employees and particularly problem employees. Basically no employee is a problem employee, except hereditary and inborn perversions, criminal tendencies, addictions, and nervous and psychological breakdowns. formerly an employee turns to be a problem employee, the employer has mainly two options viz., repair and recover, or replace. For the purpose of repairing and recovering and rehabilitating, employee counseling has an important role to play. Problems are generally associated with the causes like1. Inferiority and Low Self-EsteemInferiority feeling of an employee may play great havoc in individual life and work. Though a daft form of inferiori ty in certain persons may help them to work hard and overcome the inferiority. But very often, inferiority complex may execute a person to utter disappointment and depression leading to withdrawal perversion, absenteeism and even psychosomatic and psychotic problems. Inferiority is a feeling of inadequacy in comparison with others, or a feeling of being inferior to others. When the inferiority feelings in a person become overwhelming and persisting, it may develop into a state which Adler called inferiority complex. Recently thinkers started believing that inferiority can be overcome with the help of self-esteem, and effective counseling helps in gaining self-esteem. Self-esteem is close linked with self-image, self-worth and self-concept. Self-concept and self-image are the terms which represent the picture which we have of ourselves. Self-image and self-concept may include a list of character traits, physical features, attitudes, feelings, strengths, weaknesses etc. Self-esteem r efers to the rating which an individual makes of his worth, competence, value and significance. When a person loses self-esteem, he develops inferiority in him, which grows into an inferiority complex. Such people do not feel worth of themselves. Hence, the basic task of a counselor is to improve self-esteem in such counselees.2. Injustice or Ill-treatmentVery often injustice or insult makes considerable impact in their minds resulting in behavioral problems, inferiority and low self-esteem. Depriving an employee of adequate wages, leave, or any perks, giving him an arrogant treatment, depriving a legitimate promotion, promoting soul overlooking the legitimate candidate may such incidents take place in organizations very often which may result in inferiority feeling or feeling of low self-esteem and low esprit de corps affecting the efficiency of the aggrieved employee. As far as possible such incidents must be avoided. Once such a situation arises and an employee is aggrieved, i t is better to rectify it. However, if the aggrieved employee is counseled and rectification is promised at a later date, he or she can be brought buttocks to the proper chamfer.3. Premarital Anxieties and Sexual PerversionsPremarital anxieties are common in many young employees. Once the marriage is arranged and the person is engaged, his anxiety increases. dickens people of different family backgrounds, different cultures, different environments, etc., are bound to have anxieties before they come together. If one happens to wait unmarried after a particular age too, ones anxiety is bound to increase. Similarly, there are possibilities for sexual perversions in not only young employees but even in married employees. There are people with broken relationships who are tempted to be subject to sexual perversions and resulting guilty conscious. In all such cases the concerned employee needs counseling before a total breakdown and collapse of personality. Such people can be spiritual ly motivated, educated, kept under the close tie-in of an influence group, and so on.4. AlcoholismAlcoholism is, perhaps, the largest threat to the human element of organization. In fact, alcoholism is a serious social, moral and health problem. It ruins careers, disrupts families, affects productivity and efficiency, destroys bodies, and leads to untold human misery. Many traffic accidents are caused by alcohol abuse. There are many causes which lead to alcoholism. Prominent among them are (i) Hereditary drinking (ii) administrator culture (iii) Executive stresses (iv) Physiological reasons (v) Broken family set up (vi) Environmental influence (vii) Low jobsatisfaction and morale (viii) Tasks involving strenuous physical action (ix) Perpetuating influences (x) Feelings of depression and stagnation and (xi) Feeling of isolation and loneliness. A counselors job is not easy as far as an alcoholic is concerned. one(a) or a few counseling seances may not yield any considerable eff ect. However, a sincere effort on the part of an decision maker counselor may help an alcoholic employee, at least in the long-run. Some medical intervention may also be helpful along with counseling.5. The problem of AddictionsAnother important employee problem which deserves counseling is addictions. Addiction is a very dangerous problem which torments the social and work environment of today. Drug addiction has gone beyond proportions among youngsters now-a-days. Not only drug addiction, many people are addicted to alcohol, pornographic materials, television, sexual immorality, smoking, compulsive spending, overeating, gambling, and so on. There are some people who are addicted to earning money and amassing wealth by hook or by crook. There are workaholics who have addiction to work, due to which there are many broken families in the urban society. Addiction is any habit, practice, behavior or even thinking which is habitually or ob academic sessionally attached to a person, wh ich exerts more and more control and power over him. There can be many causes for addiction some of which are (i) hapless parental care (ii) Broken family atmosphere (iii) Bad company (iv) Peer or other social influence (v) Feeling of emptiness in life depression or stresses (vi) Low self-esteem and deception & (vii) Psychological problems. Both drug addiction and alcohol abuse involve behavior change, physical deterioration, family stresses, financial problems, career destruction, increasing psychological disintegration, lawlessness and so on. Addiction affects both the victim and his family. Even the psychologists and counselors may exhaust and drain themselves out by invariant pressure of dealing with addicts. Hence, it is not an easy task for executives to deal with such cases. However, very tactful approach on the part of the executives and managers may make a considerable effect in helping them if they act in time. A stitch in time saves nine.6. Mental Conflict in northward RivalriesIn recent times, there are many employees who lose their reliance, mental peace, job satisfaction and productivity due to marrow rivalries. Many right thinking and unattached employees become the victims of such rivalries. Some militant trade union leaders and their henchmen even manhandle assault and ill-treat such employees. Their legitimate promotions and claims are blocked by such trade unionists. Sometimes even management becomes helpless in doing justice to such employees due to the obstructions and resistances created by such union leaders. In such situations victims are bound to be disappointed, disgruntled and aggrieved resulting in depression and stress. Executive counselors and human resources executives have great role to play in rebuilding the personality and career through counseling and timely intervention. They can be recovered, and revitalized through counseling and timely guidance. They can then be exposed and developed through training followed by rede ployment and a change in placement.7. Breakdown in Interpersonal RelationshipsBreakdown in interpersonal relationships is another important problem which creates low morale and depression in work-life which deserves timely intervention and counseling. There are many stress situations in ones work life. Organizational causes of stress are occupational demands, role conflict, role ambiguity (stress from uncertainly), stresses from overload and under load, responsibility for others, stresses from evaluation, poor working conditions, unclaimed changes, and such other factors lead to personal stresses. Interpersonal stresses make more impact in work life. Strains and breakdowns in interpersonal relationships have direct relationship with individual stresses. When cordial relationships exist in the work place, impact of other stresses may get effectively tackled. But when stresses from strained interpersonal relationship in the work environment increase, the individuals effectiveness, ba lance and productivity can get affected. In all such occasions, counseling and guidance would become necessary to help the individual to control his problem emotions and sustain himself to be effective in the group.8. Low Job Satisfaction and MoraleAnother important cause which affects the human behavior in organization is low job satisfaction backed by low morale. Low job satisfaction leads to low morale and vice-versa. Morale and job satisfaction are closely tied to the basic concepts of attitudes and motivation. Wages have been found to be the basic determinant of job satisfaction. However, once the monetary needs are considerably met by the wages, other aspects like self-actualization, fulfillment, working conditions, security of employment, prestige, agreeability of the job, group cohesiveness, expertise, etc., also determine the job satisfaction. Some researchers have thrown light on the positive relationship between occupational level and job satisfaction. Job satisfaction ha s a considerable relation with the promotion possibility. Superior-subordinate relationship and joint and affectionate attitude and approach of the superior may also influence the job satisfaction level of the subordinates, though a great deal empirical work has not been done in this area. Low job satisfaction and low morale must be tackled at the root. Immediate supervisor or superior may first come to know about the problem in his subordinate and initiate timely and sincere counseling efforts. At times, assistance of professional counselors can be sought. Every manager must make up his mind to nip in the bud all such problems which adversely affect job satisfaction and morale with the help of skillful counseling.9. Breakdown in Family LifeEvery individual, rich or poor, has to face many family problems, some of which can seriously affect the peace of mind, happiness, achievement motivation and efficiency. Those who have broken family lives and serious family problems may mayhap become unsuccessful in their work life too. Very often problem which affect the family life can convert a good employee into a problem employee. Studies have already proved that some alcoholics and drug addicts are the products of broken families. In fact, breakdown in family life very often affects the work life. Hence, if such employees are provided with ways to release their tension, their efficiency can be improved. Counseling is of great importance in such cases once such employees can be brought to proper track with the help of counseling, their personality, behavior and performance can be improved with the help of exposure in training, T-group formation, etc., so that better sense ofcohesion and commitment to organization can be ensured.Solving the Problems of Employee CounselingThe problems of employee counseling can be solved in various ways. The following could be simple check list to follow 1. Deal with dignity An individual has to be dealt with dignity. An individual is more a victim of circumstances. This should be communicated clearly to assuage feelings of the individual. 2. divulge time Give individuals time and avoid shock impact. This gives the employee time to think of alternatives in a job loss situation. Importantly, the employee might try and improve productivity. 3. Build courage and confidence Highlight strengths of the individual and build personal confidence level. Irrespective of personal circumstances, retaining confidence and mental balance, is critical. 4. Offer help Offer personal and corporate help. much important than offering help is to listen patiently and offer whatever help is possible. 5. Involve family, where possible A job affects the family and hence, where the employee is receptive, involve the family in counseling. 6. Give positive references Give good and positive references to employees terminated to improve their chances of sourcing an alternate employment. 7. Allow use of facilities As far as possible, allow a usage of corporate facilities, especially where there is no direct cash outflow. Typical facilities would include transport, sports, club, library, canteen etc. 8. Offer subsidy In large companies, employees are eligible for a variety of benefits including transport, housing and furniture. Where possible, continue to offer these facilities at a subsidized price, for a short period of three to six months. 9. evanesce Most importantly, involve the employee and listen empathetically. Keep in touch with the employee at some frequency to sustain courage to face the crisis and instill a enlighten of hope to come out of the crisis successfully.Aims of CounsellingCounselling and guidance aims toenable citizens to manage and plan their learning and work pathways in accordance with their life goals, assist educational and training institutions to have well motivated pupils, students and trainees who takeresponsibility for their own learning and set their own goals for achievement assist ent erprises and organisations to have well motivated, employable and adaptable staff, capable of accessing and benefiting from learning opportunities both within and outside the workplace provide policymakers with an important means to achieve a wide range of public policy goals support local, regional, and national economies through workforce development and adaptation to changing economic demands and social circumstances assist in the development of societies, in which citizens actively contribute to their social and democratic developmentImportance of focal point aims within labour market Within the labour market, guidance and counselling can Improve the accuracy and accessibility of the information available to individuals about short- and long-term job opportunities. In turn this can improve individual decision making about jobs and about job training opportunities. achieve a better match between skills, interests and qualifications on the one hand and available job opportunities on the other help to improve the allocation of labour across regions, industries and occupations in the face of labour supply and demand fluctuations resulting from technological and structural changeSignificance of Counseling1. Decision marking construct The psychological problems of adolescents can be seen as decision making problems.2. Conflict These decisions making problems almost perpetually involve some conflict, either because of factor emotional ambiguities or both.3. Assertions Behavior is a result at the assumptions, beliefs, and attitudes that one his about himself, others and the world in which her lives.4. Disconfirmations The effectuate of behavior following decisions are feed back to the individual perceived and they confirm or disconfirm ascertain to varying degrees.5. Tension When assertions are disconfirmed, tensions result.6. Redundancy Tensions bottle up the ability of an individual to reexamine his assertions and attempt to confirm them and thus they cause redundant behavior.Reception and Integration Counseling PointsReception and integration counseling should dispirit immediately upon arrival so new team members can quickly become integrated into the organization. Counselor must counsel new team members when they get at organization. This reception and integration counseling serves two purposesFirst, it identifies and helps fix any problems or concerns that new members may have, especially any issues resulting from the new duty assignment.Second, it lets them know the organizational standards and how they fit into the team. It clarifies job titles and sends the message that the chain of command cares.Chain of command familiarization.Organizational standards.Security and safety issues.Noncommissioned officer (NCO) support reassign (who is in it and how it is used). On- and off-duty conduct.Personnel/personal affairs/initial and special issues.Organizational history, structure, and mission.Human resource practices within the organiz ationOff limits and danger areas.Functions and locations of support activities.On- and off-post recreational, educational, cultural, and historical opportunities. Environmental orientations both internal and external.Other areas the individual should be aware of as determined by the counselor.Approaches/Types of Employee CounselingIn attempting to help an employee who has a problem, a variety of counselingapproaches are used. All of these counseling approaches, however, depend on active listening. Sometimes the mere furnishing of information or advice may be the resolving to what at first appeared to be a knotty problem. More frequently, however, the problem cannot be solved easily because of frustrations or conflicts that are accompanied by infrangible feelings such as fear, confusion, or hostility. A manager, therefore, needs to learn to use whatever approach appears to be suitable at the time. Flexibility is a delineate component of the employee counseling process. There are three types/approaches to counseling which are given as follows 1. Directive2. Non-directive3. Participative1. Directive Counseling It is full counseling. It is the process of listening to an employees problem, deciding with the employee what should be done and telling and motivating the employee to do it. This type of counseling mostly does the function of advice, reassurance and communication. It may also perform other functions of counseling.Advantages and disadvantages of Directive counselingExhibit 1 Advantages and disadvantages of Directive counseling AdvantagesQuickest method.Good for people who need clear, concise direction.Allows counselors to actively use their experience.DisadvantagesDoesnt get on subordinates to be part of the solution.Tends to treat symptoms, not problems.Tends to discourage subordinates from talking freely.Solution is the counselors, not the subordinates.2. Non-directive Counseling In non-directive counseling, the employee is permitted to have maximum emancipation in determining the course of the interview. It is the process of skillfully listening and encouraging a counselee to explain troublesome problems, understand them and determineappropriate solutions. Fundamentally, the approach is to listen, with understanding and without criticism or appraisal, to the problem as it is described by the employee. The employee is encouraged, through the managers attitude and reaction to what is said or not said, to express feelings without fear of shame, embarrassment, or reprisal. The free expression that is encouraged in the non-directive approach tends to reduce tensions and frustrations. The employee who has had an opportunity to release pent-up feelings is usually in a better position to view the problem more objectively and with a problem-solving attitude.Advantages and disadvantages of Non-directive counselingExhibit 2 Advantages and disadvantages of Non-directive counseling AdvantagesEncourages maturity.Encourages open communicat ion.Develops personal responsibility.DisadvantagesMore time-consumingRequires greatest counselor skill.3. Participative Counseling Both directive and non-directive methods suffer from limitations. While the former is often not accepted by independent employees, the latter needs professionals to act upon and hence is costly. Hence, the counseling used in most situations is in between these two. This middle path is known as participative counseling. Participative is a counselor-counselee relationship that establishes a cooperative exchange of ideas to help solve an employees problems. It is neither wholly counselor-centered nor wholly counselee-centered. Counselor and counselee mutually apply their different knowledge, perceptions, skills, perspectives and values to problem into the problems and find solutions.Advantages and disadvantages of participative counselingExhibit 3 Advantages and disadvantages of participative counseling AdvantagesModerately quick.Encourages maturity.Encour ages open communication.Allows counselors to actively use their experience.DisadvantagesMay take too much time for some situations.Methods of Employee Counseling metier of counseling largely depends on the methods and techniques as well as the skills used by the counselor. Methods and techniques of counseling change from person to person and from situation to situation. Normally employee counseling involves the following methods1. Desensitization Once an individual is shocked in a particular situation, he gives himself no chance for the situation to recur. This method can be used to overcome avoidance reactions, so as to improve the emotional weak spots. If an employee is once shocked by the behavior, approach or action of his superior, he would continue to avoid that superior. It is difficult for such superiors to be effective counselors, unless such superiors prove otherwise through their behavior or action on the contrary. Similarly, once an employee is shocked by a particular si tuation, he can be brought back to that situation only if he will be convinced through desensitization that the shock will not to take place further. Counselor can make use of desensitization in such situations.2. Catharsis passing of emotional tensions can be called catharsis. Emotional tensions can be discharged by talking them out or by relieving of the painful experience which engendered them. It is an important technique as a means of reducing the tensions associated with anxiety, fear, hostility, or guilt. Catharsis helps to gain insight into the ways an emotional trauma has been affecting the behavior.3. Insight With the help of insight one may find that he has devalued himself unnecessarily, or his aspirations were unrealistic, or that his childish interpretation of an event was inaccurate. Then he can overcome his weakness.4. Developing the new patterns Developing new patterns becomes very often necessary when other methods to deal with weak spots remain ineffective. In or der to develop new, more satisfying emotional reactions, the individual needs to expose himself to situations where he can experience positive feelings. The manager who deals with such individuals may motivate or instigate them to put themselves into such situations, so that their self-confidence may increase. Every counselor must concentrate his full attention on two aspects viz., using of assessment tools, and utilizing counseling methods, choice of which differs from person to person, situation to situation, and from case to case.The Counseling ProcessEffective counselors use the four stages of counseling process which are given as follows A. Identify the need for counseling.B. Prepare for counseling.C. Conduct counseling.D. fit up.A. Identify the Need for CounselingQuite often organizational policies, such as counseling associated with an evaluation or counseling required by the command, focus a counseling session. However, one may conduct developmental counseling whenever the need arises for focused, two-way communication aimed at subordinate development. Developing subordinates consists of observing the subordinates performance, comparing it to the standard, and then providing feedback to the subordinate in the form of counseling.B. Prepare For Counseling flourishing counseling requires preparation. To prepare for counseling, do the following 1. Select a suitable place.2. record the time.3. Notify the subordinate well in advance.4. Organize information.5. Outline the counseling session components.6. political platform your counseling strategy.7. Establish the right atmosphere.1. Select a Suitable Place Schedule counseling in an environment that minimizes interruptions and is free from distracting sights and sounds.2. Schedule the Time When possible, counsel a subordinate during the duty day. Counseling after duty hours may be rushed or perceived as unfavorable. The aloofness of time required for counseling depends on the complexity of the issue. Gen erally a counseling session should last less than an hour. If one need more time, account a second session. Additionally, select a time free from competition with other activities and consider what has been planned after the counseling session. Important events can distract a subordinate from concentrating on the counseling.3. Notify the Subordinate Well in Advance For a counseling session to be a subordinate-centered, two-person effort, the subordinate must have time to prepare for it. The subordinate should know why, where, and when the counseling will take place. Counseling following a specific event should happen as close to the event as possible. However, for performance or professional development counseling, subordinates may need a week or more to prepare or review specific products, such as support forms or counseling records.4. Organize Information Solid preparation is essential to effective counseling. Review all pertinent information. This includes the purpose of the cou nseling, facts and observations about the subordinate, identification of possible problems, main points of discussion, and the development of a plan of action. Focus on specific and objective behaviors that the subordinate must celebrate or improve as well as a plan of action with clear, obtainable goals.5. Outline the Components of the Counseling session Using the information obtained, determine what to discuss during the counseling session. Note what prompted the counseling, what one aims to achieve, and what ones role as acounselor is. Identifying possible comments or questions to help counselor to keep the counseling session subordinate-centered and to help the subordinate progress through its stages. Although counselor never knows what a subordinate will say or do during counseling, a written outline helps organize the session and enhances the chance of positive results.6. Plan Counseling Strategy As many approaches to counseling exist as there are leaders. The directive, non directive, and combined approaches to counseling were addressed earlier. Use a strategy that suits your subordinates and the situation.7. Establish the Right Atmosphere The right atmosphere promotes two-way communication between a counselor and subordinate. To establish a relaxed atmosphere, you may offer the subordinate a seat or a cup of coffee. Counselor may want to sit in a chair facing the subordinate since a desk can act as a barrier.Some situations make an informal atmosphere inappropriate. For example, during counseling to correct substandard performance, as a counselor you may direct the subordinate to remain standing while you remain seat behind a desk. This formal atmosphere, normally used to give specific guidance, reinforces the leaders rank, position in the chain of command, and authority.C. Conduct the Counseling seanceBe flexible when conducting a counseling session. Often counseling for a specific incident occurs spontaneously as counselors encounter subordinates in their daily activities. Such counseling can occur in any suitable places wherever subordinates feel ease. Good counselors take advantage of naturally occurring events to provide subordinates with feedback. Even when counselor havent prepared for formal counseling, s/he should address the four basic components of a counseling session. The purpose is to guide effective counseling rather than mandate a series of rigid steps. Counseling sessions consist of1. Opening the session.2. Discussing the issues.3. Developing the plan of action.4. Recording and closing the session.Ideally, a counseling session results in a subordinates commitment to a plan of action. Assessment of the plan of action (discussed below) becomes the starting point for follow-up counseling. 1. Open the Session In the session opening, state the purpose of the session and establish a subordinate centered setting. Establish the preferred setting early in the session by inviting the subordinate to speak. The best way t o open a counseling session is to clearly state its purpose. For example, an appropriate purpose statement might be The purpose of this counseling is to discuss your duty performance over the past month and to create a plan to enhance performance and attain performance goals. If applicable, start the counseling session by reviewing the status of the previous plan of action.2. Discussing the issues The counselor and the subordinate should attempt to develop a mutual understanding of the issues. Counselor can best develop this by letting the subordinate do most of the talking. Use active listening respond, and question without dominating the conversation. Aim to help the subordinate better understand the subject of the counseling, for example, duty performance, a problem situation and its impact, or potential areas for growth. Both counselor and subordinate should provide examples or cite specific observations to reduce the perception that either is unnecessarily biased or judgmental. However, when the issue is substandard performance, counselor should make clear how the performance didnt meet the standard. The conversation, which should be two-way, then addresses what the subordinate needs to do to meet the standard. Its important that he defines the issue as substandard performance and dont allow the subordinate to define the issue as an unreasonable standard-unless he considers the standard negotiable or are willing to alter the conditions under which the subordinate must meet the standard.3. Develop a Plan of Action A plan of action identifies a method for achieving a desired result. It specifies what the subordinate must do to reach the goals set during the counseling session. The plan of action mustbe specific it should show the subordinate how to modify or maintain his behavior. It should avoid vague intentions such as Next month I want you to improve your production skills. The plan must use concrete and direct terms. A specific and achievable plan of ac tion sets the stage for successful development.4. Record and Close the Session Although requirements to record counseling sessions vary, a counselor of all time benefits by documenting the main points of a counseling session. Documentation serves as a reference to the agreed upon plan of action and the subordinates accomplishments, improvements, personal preferences, or problems. A complete record of counseling aids in making recommendations for professional development, schools, promotions, and evaluation reports.To close the session, summarize its key points and ask if the subordinate understands the plan of action. Invite the subordinate to review the plan of action and whats expected by counselor. With the subordinate, establish any follow-up measures necessary to support the successful implementation of the plan of action. These may include providing the subordinate with resources and time, periodically assessing the plan, and following through on referrals. Schedule any future meetings, at least tentatively, before dismissing the subordinate.D. Follow UpCounselors Responsibilities The counseling process doesnt end with the counseling session. It continues through implementation of the plan of action and evaluation of results. After counseling, counselor must support subordinates as they implement their plans of action. Support may include teaching, coaching, or providing time and resources. Counselor must observe and assess this process and possibly modify the plan to meet its goals. Appropriate measures after counseling include follow-up counseling, making referrals, informing the chain of command, and taking corrective measures.Assess the Plan of Action The purpose of counseling is to develop subordinates who are better able to achieve personal, professional, andorganizational goals. During the assessment, review the plan of action with the subordinate to determine if the desired results were achieved. The counselor and the subordinate should determine the date for this assessment during the initial counseling session. The assessment of the plan of action provides useful information for future follow-up counseling sessions.ConclusionThe ability to counsel is an important skill for managers and caring co-workers. Organizations that have people trained in counseling will be better able to handle their people issues than those that do not. Staffs who are feeling anxious, stressed, or unhappy will not be able to perform very well on the job despite their background and experience. If they have had an opportunity to talk through their problems with a trained counselor, they will be able to be much more productive. This will save the organization time and money.References1. Blum, M. L., and Balinsky, B. Counseling and psychology. Egnlewood Cliffs, N.J. Prentice-Hall, 1954. 2. Bordin, E. S. Psychological counseling. New York Appleton, 1955. 3. Maier, N. R. R. Principle of human relations. New York Wiley, 1952. Ch. 12 & 13. 4. Counseling -techniques-in-an-organization, Available at

Recommendation Letter Essay

In my opinion, I have neer before written a recommendation letter where the candidate and the opportunity were such a immaculate fit. I have known Janet Lerner for two years now, since she took my introductory course in dinosaurs during her sophomore year. In my long teaching career, I have never met an undergraduate student with such a genuine and focused interest in paleontology, and such a clear aptitude for it. I will introduce this by speaking to Janets ability as a communicator, her specific interest in dinosaur paleontology, and her maturity and integrity. Janet informs me that you are seeking a skilled communicator to strain tours of your animatronic displays.Even during her sophomore year, Janet was a skilled communicator on the subject of dinosaur paleontology. In my class, for which she received an A, Janet wrote two compositions one on the roots of the discovery and the characteristics of Deinonychus one evaluating the antiaircraft capabilities of Euoplocephalus. Jan et proved herself not only exceptionally articulate and schooled on the subject at hand, but she also showed herself capable of wielding an argumentmoving from premise to final result based on relevant evidence.Janet also did all this with style and flair. I cite excerpts from her papers Previously seen as cold-blooded, pea-brained lizards . . . and The toe muscles acted as a mould mechanism to flick the claw around towards the back of the foot. For me, such articulations underscore both Janets authentic fascination with dinosaurs and her ability to communicate that excitement and experience to others.As an academic advisor to the dormitory where Janet lives, I frequently witness her interactions with others and know first-hand of her community service. Last year, Janet was the elected vice-president in the dormitory, and in this role she was responsible for(p) for numerous functions, including faculty/student lunches and a recruiting phoneathon. Janet is well-respected in the d ormitorya popular figure known for her honesty, calm, and kindness. I have seen her handle delicate situations with discretion, and she handles herself in all situations with poise.Finally, Janet has strong convictions tempered by good judgment and reason she has firm spiritual roots and an active, diverse, social life she is loyal, committed, and clear-sighted. It is a rare come up to to encounter a student as impressive as Janet Lerner, and if you give her the opportunity I am sure you will find her equally impressive. satisfy do give her your most thoughtful consideration.

Evaluation of Subway’s Branding and its SWOT analysis Essay

NAMEA station is a combination of light upon, term, sign, symbol and design intended to identify the sounds or go of one seller, which helps him/her to differentiate from those of competitors (Kotler 2006, 269). metro is first known as Petes Super Submarine in 1965. The name was shortened to tube-shaped structure and it is also then, the first franchised unit was opened in 1974 in Connecticut ( metro 2008). Perhaps, the founder of metro F blushing(a) DeLuca and Dr. Peter Buck realized the importance of developing a good brand name. There argon several desirable qualities for a brand name. It should (i) suggest about the products benefits and qualities, (ii) be easy to pronounce, recognize and remember, and (iii) distinctive. thermionic valve has ful alter all these qualities. Its slogan Eat Fresh suggests the freshness of the ingredients used for the submarine get upes. Also, as Subway offers a wide assortment of products like sandwiches, salads, cookies, tater chips etc, making every visit a fresh one for its consumers. The colour green and the use of tomatoes in the logo symbolize the healthier aspect of Subways food products. Subway has a high degree of brand cognizance consumers ar able to associate Subway with its submarine sandwiches that are filled with fresh vegetables. The brand name is not offensive it did not create any inappropriate excitement like French Connections agitating slogan FCUK, which has resulted in many controversies in countries including Singapore. Brand name is very important as a good one can add greatly to a products success (Kotler 2006, 273).SUBWAYS OVERALL STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSESStrengthsSubway has successfully market itself as a healthier alternative to traditional smarmy fast food. In the press release on 18 November 1999, Subway has listed the seven low-fat subs with 6 grams of fat or less menu offering comfort station and good nutrition food products for consumers fast-paced lives. This has made Subway as the best fast food choice for consumers who are concerned about eating right counting calories or trying to eat healthy. Also, according to the press release, Subway is conscious of the dietary needs of vegetarian consumers and offer options for them Veggie Delite, which is simply a salad sandwich.At Subway, consumers are able to personalize their own submarine sandwich by choosing the type of ingredients, condiments and salad dress they wish to have for their sandwiches. The choice of getting the sandwich toasted is obtainable too. This personalized service is not common in most of the fast food restaurants. Besides, unique sides like freshly baked cookies and tater chips are offered instead of the usual mash potatoes, French fries or coleslaw. Generally, the portion served is relatively in comparison to normal burgers. Overall, Subways sandwiches are loaded with fresh ingredients that differentiate Subway from its competitors.WeaknessesSubways sandwiches tend to become soggy a fter kept for a period of time without consuming. This go away pretend the overall tastiness of the sandwich. Such situation happens most frequently to people who do take-away. In addition, Subways sandwiches only come in Six-inch or foot-long sizes. This may be considered a relatively large portion to consumers whom may have smaller appetites, especially for the tweens and those younger. Also, Subways sandwiches are not halal Certified. halal is an Arabic word which means lawful or allowable. Any food or drink that falls under this category is permitted for consumption. (Majlis Ugama Islam Singapore 2008)Since subways products are not Halal Certified, the affected people would mainly be the Muslims. As a result, Subway may lose such authorization consumers, where actually there could be opportunities to tap a global Halal food market of about 1.4 billion people. Hence, stalls with Halal Certification allow have a competitive advantage over Subway. (Majlis Ugama Islam Singapore 2008)RECOMMENDATIONS1.To prevent Sandwiches from becoming soggy easily, Subway can separate Sandwichs dressing for take-away orders. Thus, the taste of the Sandwiches will not be affected.2.To overcome the weakness of Sandwiches being a relatively big portion to people with smaller appetites, Subway can introduce smaller sizes of sandwich. Also, even though Subway Singapore does provide kids meal to add to the tweens and younger crowd, known as Kids Pak, when compared to kids meal available in McDonalds and Burger King, Kids Pak is relatively unknown.The image of Kids Pak. (Official SUBWAY Restaurants Web Site 2008)Kids Pak, a specially designed meal package for children that includes asandwich watchful on a 4-inch round deli-style roll, a fruit roll fruit snack, a 100% juice box and a toy premium. (Subway Singapore 2008) (Is it possible for this paragraph to shift to beside the above pic?)Hence, Subway Singapore should widely advertise on the availability of such kids meal to ga in more consumer awareness of the product. This can be done through posters and TV advertising, especially on Kids Central Singapores local channel for kids, where children are the main checkers. This way, it will appeal greatly to them and parents will see the meal as a great option for a healthier meal as fats contained within the Subways Kids Pak similar to Subway Fresh Fit for Kids is much lesser than in Kids Meal offered by McDonalds and Burger King. (Subway Fresh Fit n.d.)The Image of Halal Certification (Majlis Ugama Islam Singapore 2008)However, presently, Subway is not able to obtain Halal Certification due to various market, regulatory and business issues. However, Subway still does cater to customers who need a non-pork menu. Subway obliges by recommending them what is suitable in the menu and would change to a fresh pair of gloves to prepare the sandwiches. (Subway Singapore 2008)IN GENERAL, take for 5 EXAMPLES OF PACKAGING OR BRANDING WHICH SERVES A COMPETITIVE ADVA NTAGE FOR A FIRMCoke The packaging of coke not only offers doodad to consumers, but also helps consumer to identify the product easily through its shape and colour red and white, of the bottle. In addition, the branding of Coke has facilitated the promotion of all same-brand products. Examples are Coke Zero, Coke Light and Vanilla Coke.McDonalds The logo M is well recognized worldwide which helps speed consumer purchases by identifying the firms product. The colour combination of the logo red and yellow also acts as a tool in identifying its product.Apple The logo of Apple denotes product prime(a) and a form as emplacement and self-expresion as apple has successfully brand and market itself. According to Gobe, M., The power of their branding (Apple) is all that keeps them alive, where brands have established deep, lasting bonds with their customers. (Kahney 2002) This foster of brand loyalty serves as a competitive advantage over rival firms.KFC The acronym of Kentucky Fried Ch icken makes it easier for consumer to say and spell. It also denotes the product that its selling and differentiates the quality of it chicken sold from competing firms. Moreover, the use of Colonel Sanders as a mascot/logo further helps in identifying KFCs product. (Armin. 2006)Nike Nike has effectively brand itself using a tick as its logo. The incorporating of the simple tick onto the design of its products makes it distinctive from rival firms.In general, all these brands are widely recognized, where consumers are simply able to relate the brand name and its products.(Need to write conclusion?)Reference List1.Kotler, P., S. Adam, L. Brown, and G. Armstrong. 2006. Principles of Marketing. Australia. Pearson Education Australia.2.Subway 2008. n.d. About Subway History. http//www.subway.com.sg/exec/sam/view/id=540/node=206/ (accessed October 2, 2008).3.Singapore. Majlis Ugama Islam Singapore. 2008. Halal Main Page Basic Principles. Islamic Religious Council of Singapore. http//www .muis.gov.sg/cms/services/hal.aspx?id=1706 (accessed October 5, 2008)4.Singapore. Majlis Ugama Islam Singapore. 2008. Halal Certification Halal Certification Benefits. Islamic Religious Council of Singapore.http//www.muis.gov.sg/cms/services/hal.aspx?id=1704 (accessed October 5, 2008)5.Majlis Ugama Islam Singapore Image. 2008. http//www.muis.gov.sg/cms/services/hal.aspx?id=1704 (accessed October 5, 2008)6.Subway Singapore. 2008. About us Subway FAQs. http//www.subs.sg/aboutus/aboutus_faq.html7.Subway Singapore. 2008. Frequently Asked Questions. http//www.subway.com.sg/exec/sam/view/id=544/node=294/8.Official SUBWAY Restaurants Web Site Image. 2008. http//www.subway.com/subwayroot/menunutrition/menu/menu_kidspak.aspx9.Subway Fresh Fit. n.d. Fit Kids Nutritional Information.

Medicare Assignment Essay

Medic atomic number 18 AssignmentWhat is Medicare? What governmental be onncy administers it?Medicare is a national social insurance program it is the federal health insurance program for passel who are 65 or older, certain younger people with disabilities, and people with End-St climb on Renal Disease known as a permanent kidney failure requiring dialysis or shift. Medicare helps cover different specific medical cost. As a social insurance program, Medicare spreads the financial risk associated with illness across society to protect everyone, and therefrom somewhat different social role from for-profit private insurers, which manage their risk portfolio by adjusting their pricing according to, perceived risk. Medicare is managed by the Health Care financing Administration (HCFA), a division of the U.S Department of Health and Human Services which also administers Medicaid.Who is eligible for Medicare? Who is not eligible for Medicare?People who are at age 65 or older qualifies i f he or she is A U.S citizen or a permanent legal residentHe/She or their spouse has worked presbyopic enough to be eligible for Social Security or railroad retirement benefits usually having earned 40 credits from ab divulge 10 age of work He/She or their spouse is a government employee or retiree who has not paid into Social Security that has paid Medicare paysheet taxes while working. Note that He/She can stipulate for Medicare on their spouses work record if he or she is at least age 62 and he/she is at least age 65.They may also qualify on the work record of a divorced or deceased person spouse. Following the Supreme Courts ruling on the Defense of Marriage Act in June 2013 people in same sex espousal may qualify on their spouses work record if they live in the conjure up where they were wed or in another kingdom that recognizes same-sex marriage, or if they are civilian or military employees of the federal government. People who are under age 65 qualifies if he or she isHave been authorise to Social Security disability benefits for at least 24 months ( which need not be consecutive) Receive a disability pension from the Railroad seclusion Board and touch on certain characterizes Have Lou Gehrigs disease ( amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), which qualifies them immediately Have permanent kidney failure requiring regular dialysis or a kidney transbroadcastt , and either he/ she or their spouse has paid Social Security taxes for a certain length of epoch depending on their age.People do not qualify for Medicare if they do not meet the preceding(prenominal) requirements.How do you apply for Medicare?Check whether he/she qualifies to receive, by verifying whether or not he/she qualify to receive government assistance through its Medicare program. They must be low-income, income is measured against the Federal Poverty Level, for FPL, which changes annually but is currently set $23,550, are pregnant, are elderly (65+) and younger (under 21), are bli nd or disabled, have no health insurance, guardians of a minor but have restricted sources of income, are SSI eligible. Go to your state of residences Medicare website to get more detailed information on state eligibility requirements. Individual state links are posted at the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services website. This site also provides a detailed listing of what services are and are not covered under Medicaid. State eligibility sometimes differ. Federal law requires states to cover certain mandatory eligibility groups, but allows them to provide coverage to other population groups. Some states do, other states dont. This means that state eligibility laws will differ from state to state.Check with your state and learn the eligibility requirements. Many states are expanding coverage, in particular for children. Read over the performance form in its total before inputting your information. Make sure answers are accurate as Medicare fraud is a serious offense that carries equally serious penalties. Schedule a time to meet with a Medicare officer or a social or human services representative if he/she has any questions or concerns about eligibility. conspire all the documents necessary to apply for Medicare. The state will need to verify information on the application by cross-referencing it with certain documents you may be in possession of. In order to do this, you should makeduplicate copies of1) birth certificate, social security number or guardianship papers2) Drivers license and vehicle registration3) Proof of residency in the state in which you are applying for4) Any pay stubs or other proof of income5) names of your financial institutions and any bank accounts numbers6) Real estate deeds7) Unpaid doctor or health care bills8) Medicare Benefit Card bring up with an elder lawyer or one who specializes in family law before submitting your Medicare application. This is especially important if the person who is applying for Medicare will be enter ing a clever nursing facility. Inquire as to the average turnaround time for reviewing an application.It generally takes 45 days for the state to process an application that does not involve a disability. It can take up to 90 days to process an application associated with a disability. Be sure to follow up on the status of your application if you dont receive a response within a reasonable time after that. Know that you can combine Medicaid and Medicare coverage if you meet certain eligibility requirements. Re unsanded your eligibility once a yearWhat types of coverage does Medicare provide? What does it not provide?Medicare covers services (like lab tests, surgeries, and doctor visits) and supplies (like wheelchairs and walkers) considered medically necessary to finesse a disease or condition. If youre in a Medicare Advantage Plan or other Medicare plan, you may have different rules, but your plan must give you at least the same coverage as Original Medicare. Some services may on ly be covered in certain settings or for patients with certain conditions. opus A Hospital care, Skilled nursing facility care, Nursing home care, Hospice, Home health services Part B covers 2 types of servicesMedically necessary services Services or supplies that are needed to diagnose or treat your medical condition and that meet accepted standards of medical practice. Preventive services Health care to prevent illness (like the flu) or detect it at an early stage, when treatment is some likely to work best. You pay nothing for most preventive services if you get the services from a health care provider who accepts assignment. Part B covers things like1) clinical research2) ambulance services3) durable medicalequipment (DME)4) mental health5) inpatient6) outpatient7) partial hospitalization8) Getting a second eyeshot before surgery9) Limited outpatient prescription drugsWhat are the options under Medicare (ie. can you pick your own doctor, can you pick your own drug plan? Etc. )In most cases, people can choose their own doctors, other health care provider, hospital, or other facility thats enrolled in Medicare and is accepting new Medicare patients. However for drug, most prescriptions arent covered in Original Medicare but people are given the choice to join a Medicare Prescription drug Plan. Each Medicare Prescription Drug Plan has its own list of covered drugs, many medicare drug plans place drugs into different forms on their formularies. Drugs in apiece tier have a different cost. A drug in a lower tier will generally cost less than a drug in a higher tier.Do you have to pay for Medicare benefits?Yes, generally people have to pay for Medicare benefits. Part A usually cost $441 each month if a person is not eligible for premium free. For part B, a person pays a premium each month for Medicare Part B (Medical Insurance). Most people will pay the standard premium amount. However, their modified adjusted gross income as reported on your IRS tax return from 2 years ago is above a certain amount, they may an Income Related Monthly Adjustment Amount (IRMAA). IRMAA is an extra charge added to premium. Part B for $ 147 and grant B for If your yearly income in 2011 wasYou pay (in 2013)File individual tax returnFile joint tax return$85,000 or less$170,000 or less$104.90above $85,000 up to $107,000above $170,000 up to $214,000$146.90above $107,000 up to $160,000above $214,000 up to $320,000$209.80above $160,000 up to $214,000above $320,000 up to $428,000$272.70above $214,000above $428,000$335.70Are there co-pays associated with Medicare?Yes. In traditional Medicare ( Part A and B) you pay 20% of the Medicare- approved amounts for most Part B services. In Part A, after meeting the deductible you pay nothing more for up to 60 days in the hospital in any one benefit period, but additional days may require daily copays.If you grandpa had severe dementia and needed 24 hour care, but your family wanted to keep him out of the nursing home, wo uld his care be reimbursed through Medicare?Medicare has the choice to not reimburse the cost because it is not under the beneficiaries.Is Medicare working or is it just a worried socialized medicine program that needs to be redone? Why?I think that Medicare should be redone, it has too many processes to it, and it doesnt make any good sense if its for society who are poor and old, why do people still need to fork out so much of money per month to keep their Medicare benefits? Also, the paper work needed to apply for Medicare is tedious and not exactly friendly for somebody who is onerous to apply for it.How easy was this information to get hold? How would a person with less education then you navigate this system?The Medicare website was rather easy to find, however the information was not the easiest thing to grasp especially when they have so many terms and conditions and different tiers to it. A person with less education will definitely have difficult time trying to navigat e through the system and to get the right paper work done to apply.

Biblical Worldview Essay Essay

We all have a set of values and beliefs that help shape the way we view the knowledge base. While legion(predicate) of us can sh are the same tools that shape our worldview every unrivaleds is unique to themselves. Romans 1-8 provides valuable teaching regarding the indwelling world, human identity, human relationships, and culture. These 4 categories make up the majority of the world and demeanor as we last it. As Christians, this passage in the Bible should hold a great influence on our worldview. I will outline what Romans 1-8 teaches us about each category and how that affects my personal view of the world. As Christians, we pick out that God created the universe and everything in it by simply speaking. Everything in His creation attests to Him and His glory. This allows people who may never actually hear about Christ to still be able to see Him through with(predicate) and through creation. in that respect is a verse in Luke 1940 that goes on to say that even the rocks w ill waul out if everyone is silent. Romans 120 says, For since the creation of the world Gods invisible qualitieshis eternal index and divine naturehave been clearly seen, being understood from what has been made, so that people are without excuse. with the natural world, God has provided a way to show Himself to all mankind. When I am out in nature on a beautiful quiet day I can feel the passe-partouts presence. When I am on a ship in the middle of the Atlantic maritime watching the sun set, I can see the Lord. I am young and have non yet seen many of the natural wonders of this world. I have seen enough though to know that God is map throughout nature. I dont understand how a person could look out on a beautiful scene of nature and non feel God. He truly does speak through the beauty of His creation. Our human identity is who we believe ourselves to be. Without God I know that I am a destitute and wicked creature. We are capable unspeakable evils. I have commit though thro ugh my redemption. I know that any good thing I do or obtain is not of myself only if from God. God created us in His image so we can catch a glance of what He is truly ilk. However, as humans we are wicked and evil in heart. nada scarce the love of Christ can save us. Romans 310-18 clearly lines just how unrighteous and devoid of hope we are within ourselves.This passage shows us our true human identity without Christ. We have hope though be provoke we have been given Christ Romans 826 tells us that Christ intercedes for us at the feet of God. Nothing can separate us from the love of Christ once we accept Him(Romans 835) Relationships make up a huge part of our lives. The Bible has a lot to say about relationships and how to transact one another(prenominal). Relationships make an enormous impact on our world view because we are influenced by the people in our lives. Romans 128-32 lists the evils things that we do to one another such as envy, murder, strife, deceit, malice, an d gossip. This is just a fraction of the sins that cause us to have damaged relationships with each other and ultimately God. How could you come before God and involve a good relationship if you have a broken relationship with someone in your life? Jesus teaches us to love one another and forgive over and over. When your heart is hardened towards another person, then you are ultimately hurting your own relationship with God as well. The second chapter in Romans cautions us against judging others. We have to treat one another the way we would want to be treat with kindness and mercy. We also have to be careful about what kind of people we have relationships with. If you fence in yourself with evil people then you will be influenced to do evil.During the time that Paul was writing Romans, thither was a religious hierarchy in place. The Pharisees were the leaders and aristocrats in the Jewish community. They were extremely strict and followed a huge list of rules. They were so caugh t up in their rules that they couldnt open their hearts and minds to Jesus. Also at this time it was widely believed that only the Jewish community could be saved through following the rules and the non-Jew population was doomed. Romans 323-25 teaches us that, for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, and all are justified freely by his grace through the redemption that came by Christ Jesus. Jesus remainder paved the way for everyone to be saved, not just the Jews We learn that we are saved through trust and not by works. We can never earn our salvation. Todays culture in the States is so focused on material possessions and gaining more. We are caught up in our shiny toys and items much like the Pharisees were caught up in their rules.We have to stop getting caught up in things that dont genuinely matter and see what God is trying to use us for. We all have a intent and a reason for being here. If you are not living your life to further Gods message than you are w asting it. Our culture today makes it so easy to forget what we are truly supposed to be living for. As Christians we must be vigilant and not let the snares of this world snag our heart and divert it from our true calling. Everyone has their own uniqueview of the world and reasoning for their views.Christians take a shit their world view with the structure that the Bible has provided us. Paul writes about the natural world, our identity as people, how to treat others, and about the culture of the world. We are not perfect and can never hope to be but the grace of Jesus offers us salvation. Romans 812 reminds us that we have an obligation to live a life through the Spirit and not by the flesh. Every day we must work harder and contact for righteousness and a Christ-like attitude. Our worldview affects the way we live and can have an impact on all those somewhat us. The better our worldview, the better our light will shine for Christ.